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Kévin Soulé soulekevin99e2 — Again, liked this far less on re-read. Ginzburg argues that an "ancient peasant culture" existed in pre-modern Europe, in tandem with and in contradiction to the wider Christian culture, which was often simply overlaid onto an as-yet un-Christian society, even up to 1600. He argues that it is possible to get at artefacts of this peasant culture through the trial of Domenico Scandella, contrasting what he said about the works he owned and read with what we know them to contain -- and so thereby discover the lens or screen through which he was interpreting them. That lens or screen *is* that peasant culture. However, Ginzburg reaches too far when he draws the comparison between Menocchio and Pighino, who, despite their geographical disparity, held heretical views with astonishing amounts of overlap. While I buy that such coincidences are often the result of serendipity due to a shared culture (see also: Luther, Martin and Zwingli, Ulrich), it is not really clear to me why the peasant culture that Ginzburg describes must necessarily be an un-Christian one, and why, rather, the un-Christian elements of both Menocchio's and Pighino's thought cannot be the result of their own fevered brains. Clearly, their denouncers saw that each Menocchio's and Pighino's thought was un-Christian, and while that lack of Christianness may have been initially unworthy of commentary, witnesses were pretty quick to condemn their ideas as antithetical to Christian teaching -- a teaching that must have impacted their lives in some way, because even though they shared some inscrutable peasant culture, they were still able to identify those elements that did not fit.